Author's summary: "An understanding of the electronic structure of the High--Tc cuprate superconductors must start out from an analysis of their chemical composition, valencies, structure and binding. All cuprate high--Tc superconductors are stacks of alternating anionic CuO2 layers and block layers which are in gross (net) cationic. The stacking direction is commonly taken as the crystallographic c--direction and the crystal symmetry is generally derived from a simple tetragonal (st) or a body-centered tetragonal (bct) symmetry, although it is in fact often orthorhombic due to distortions or due to vacancy ordering.
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